Oil-well packer



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BENJAMN MASSETH, OF KARNS CITY, PENNSYLVANIA.

OIL-WELL PACKER.

SPECIFICATION forming parl of Letters Patent No. 367,823, dated August 9, 1E 8'7.

Application tiled January 19, 18871 Serial No. 224,770. (No model.)

To all whom/it may concern.'

of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usedo hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof. p

My invention consists in improvements in the means adopted for shutting off thefveins of salt-water often encountered in sinking oil and gas wells, and particularly in improvements in the specific means' adopted for that purpose and described-in Letters Patent of the United States Nos. 167,400 and 196,220, issued to James P. Gordon,`and dated Septemlber 7,1875 and October 16, 1877, respective v. Y

The object of my invention is to provide a better form of packing to fit more tightly between the packer and the wall of the well, and also a more efficient means of expanding the same.

To enable others to make and use ,my invention, I will now describe it by reference to .the accompanying drawings, in which- Figurel is a side elevation of my improved apparatus, showing both its parts, the upper packer and the lower packer. Fig. 2 is an enlarged axial section ofthe upper packer. Fig. 3 is an enlarged axial section of the lower packer.

Like symbols ofreference indicate like parts in each, and the small letters of reference in Fig. 3 indicate exactly similar devices to those indicated in Fig. 2 by capital letters.

In this specification and claims I mean by the words packing device77 the whole device at the extremity of alength of casing by which a tight tit is made between the casing and the Walls of the well, and by the packer/7 that part of the packing device which is made to lit tightly between the casing and the sides of the well by the instrumentality of the otherparts.

The packers E E and e c' are of the same form in both the upper and lower packing device, and are each formed in two parts, E E and e e', of such shape and relative position as would be obtained by making a circular cut in the exterior surface of' a hollow cylinder and continuing such cut downward in a transverse direction to its'inner surface. The following` description of the-upper packer, E E',

, conoidal form. ful Improvement in Oil-VVell Packers; andl applies equally to the lower packer, ee. The Be 1t known that I, BENJAMIN Massari-Lof. Karns City, in the county of Butler and State upper portion, E, presents the appearance of acylinder tapered off at its lower end in a rPhe lower portion, E', is a cyliuderbeveled interiorly on its upper edge', so as to receive within it the conoidal part of E. The lower end of the part E is received in an annular recess; r, formed in the upper end ofthe coupling G. Both the packers it on the cylinder F. The upper part,I+l,moves loosely on the Acylinder F and ktits closely thereto throughout its length, and is of square form on its upper edge.

The packing devices both above and below the length of casing are to the extent of the above description exactly alike. in the means used to expand the packers.

YThe upper packing device is constructed as follows: Immediately above the packer E E', on the cylinder F, fits the conoidal cylinderwedge D, thelower edge resting on the packer E, being tapered down to the surface ofthe cylinder F, and the upper edge being left square. O n the cylinder D rests a frictionring, C, above which is the driver B. The cylinder F is screw-threaded to correspond with the screw on the interior of the driver B, and the packer E E is expanded by screwing down the driver B upon the cylinder D. The tapered edge of D enters between the part E of the packer E E and the cylinder F, forcing it outward against the side of the well, and at the same time downward within the part E, and expanding that part also, so that there is a double expansion of the packer namely,at

the points II and HC The lower packing device is constructed as follows: The packer@ c and end G- are similar to those above described, as is also the conoidal cylinder D; but the cylinder F is wholly plain. Upon the cylinder D rests the square end of the conoidal cylinder D', which is of similar form to the other cylinder, D, but tapersnpward, so that the two `cylinders are in contact at their bases, and together presenta barrel-shaped ligure.

I have described my invention with reference to the two cylinders D D', but these may as well be made in one piece in the form of a single cylinder having the exterior surface of barrel shape. Above D D on the cylinder F is a fixed ring V', which prevents the cylin- They differ ders D D from rising when the packer is inserted in the well, and by engaging the mova ble ring V, which is adapted to slide upon the cylinder F,limits its movements thereon. The ring V is a short distance above the upper end of the cylinder D to allow D D free play. The ring V moves loosely on the cylinder F. To it are attached four elastic arms, XV, which carry at their lower ends the barbed wedges \V,which are adapted io move in contact with the outer surface of the cylinder D. Upon the outer surface of each of these arms is riveted adog consisting of a narrow plate of iron, 10, the upper part of which is bent at an angle from the arm. This packing device is attached tothe lower end of the requisite length of casing, the device first described being attached to the upper end, and is lowered to a point some dist-ance below the water veins. It is then pulled upward. The effect is to engage the dogs w with the sides ofthe well and to drive the wedges W down upon the cylinder D'. As they slide down its conical surface they open out and themselves engage with the sides of the well and are pressed tightly onto the cylinder D. The effect is to drive the edge of the cylinder D beneath the rubber c, and the edge ofthe rubber c beneath the rubber c, and to cause a double expansion of the rubber against the sides of the well. Then thelower packer has thus become firmly fixed, the upper packer is expanded, as above described, by screwing down the driver B.

I have now described the operation of the particular improvement and invention which I have made. 'Ihe general construction and operation of inserting and working the packers is otherwise the same as described in the Letters Patent granted to James I). Gordon above referred to.

l. In a packing device for wells, the combination of the packing-cylinders c and c', composed of suitable expansible material, the cylinder c fitting under the cylinder c', and a cone for expanding the cylinder c, substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. In a packing device for wells, the combination ol' the packing-cylinders c and c', composed of suitable expansible material, the cylinder e having a beveled end which fits under the cylinder c', and a cone for expanding the cylinder c, substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. In a packing device for deep wells, tbe combination, with the casi ng and the packer, of a cone for expanding the packer, a sliding ring mounted on the casing and having arms arranged to engage the cone, and the npwardly-inclined spring-dogs w, silbstantially as and for the purposes described.

4. In a packing device for wells, the combination of the cylinder of conical shape at both ends, with a packer at one end of the cylinder and arms \V and dogs w at the other end thereof, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 12th day of January, A. D. 1887. 1

BENJAHIN M ASSETII.

\Vil nesses:

'Inoims W. BAKFAVEL'L, W. B. ConwIN. 

